How are the Majha, Doaba and Malwa regions of Punjab differentiated?
Punjab state is divided into three major regions Majha, Malwa and Doaba. This division of Punjab is basically due to the rivers Sutlej (or Satluj) and Beas flowing through the land of Punjab. In the historical times, it was not easy to cross the rivers and hence the areas divided by rivers were considered as separate regions. The regions were often ruled by different rulers or kings. The interaction between the people living in these geographically separated areas was limited. Due to this, there is a difference between the language and culture of the people living in these regions. Note that the regions Malwa, Majha and Doaba span over the parts of historic Punjab region which includes today's Punjab (India), Haryana, Himachal Prades and Punjab (Pakistan), but this article will mainly focus on the details that are relevant to today's state of Punjab in India.
The page is divided into following section:
Majha Region of Punjab
Malwa Region of Punjab
Doaba Region of Punjab
Powadh Region of Punjab
Majha Malwa Doaba - Regions of Punjab The following table gives a summary of Majha, Malwa and Doaba:
Regions of Punjab
Region Area Language Demonym
Majha Between Ravi and Beas Majhi Majhi or Majhel
Malwa South of Sutlej Malwai Malwai
Doaba Between Sutlej and Beas Doabi Doabia
Suggested Reading:
Five Rivers of Punjab
Geography of Punjab
Majha Region of Punjab
Majha region mainly covers the area between Beas and Ravi rivers. The area on the north of Sutlej, after the confluence of Beas and Sutlej at Harike in Tarn Taran district, extending upto the Ravi river is also part of the Majha region. The literal meaning of word Majha means 'in the middle' or 'at the center'. This area was in the middle (or central part) of the historic Punjab region, hence giving it the name Majha. The Majhi dialect of Punjabi language is the main language of this region. The people of this region are given the demonym 'Majhi' or 'Majhel'. This area includes a major region of Pakistan's Punjab, extending upto Jehlum river and here we will mainly talk about the region within Punjab state in India. The area between Beas and Ravi rivers is also called as Bari Doab. A list of districts of Punjab, which are part of Majha region, is given below:
Amritsar
Gurdaspur
Pathankot
Tarn Taran
Malwa Region of Punjab
The region of Punjab towards the left bank of Sutlej river is called Malwa. Malwa extends upto Ambala district in Haryana, beyond the borders of Punjab state. Almost 60-70% area of Punjab state is part of this region. The people of this region are given the demonym 'Malwai'. The primary language of this region is Malwai dialect of Punjabi. Malwai Punjabi is considered very close to the written Punjabi. The districts of Punjab which are part of this region:
Barnala
Bathinda
Fatehgarh Sahib
Faridkot
Fazilka
Firozpur
Ludhiana
Mansa
Moga
Mohali
Muktsar
Patiala
Ropar
Sangrur
NOTE: There is a Malwa Plateau region in the central part of India, which occupies some parts of Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan. When we are talking about India, the word Malwa mainly refers to that region and it has no relation with the Malwa region of Punjab.
Doaba Region of Punjab
The area between the rivers Satluj and Beas is called as Doaba. The area is also called Bist Doab or Jalandhar Doab (also spelled as Jullundhar Doab). The word Doaba is made up of two words 'Do' meaning two and 'Aab' means water or river, so the literal meaning of word Doaba is the area between two rivers. Doabi dialect of Punjabi language is the primary language spoken in this part of Punjab. The people of this part are known with the demonym 'Doabia'. This area is sometimes referred as NRI hub of Punjab as a large number of people from this region are settled in foreign lands like UK, Canada, USA, Dubai and Europe etc. The districts of Punjab which are part of Doaba region:
Jalandhar
Kapurthala
Hoshiarpur
Nawanshahr (Shaheed Bhagat Singh Nagar)
Powadh Region of Punjab
Powadh (or Poadh or Puadh) is another major region of Punjab. Powadhi dialect of Punjabi language, which is a mix of Malwai Punjabi and Haryanvi, is spoken in this region. Powadh is sometimes not considered as a separate region and this area is mostly included in the Malwa region of Punjab. The Punjabi speaking area near the Ghaggar river, mostly adjacent to Chandigarh is considered part of Powadh region. It includes parts of Patiala, Mohali and Ropar districts of Punjab and Panchkula and Ambala districts in Haryana.
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Paramjot Singh Sangha
Answered December 30, 2017
Like now a days for admistration, areas are divided into district, in the same way during mughal empire the districts were on the basis of land divided by rivers. Generally region lying between two rivers is equivalent to district and it is called doaab (which is made up of two words do-aab and just like name of punjab it also had the means in same way. Out of do-aab, first part i.e. do means two in punjabi and aab means river , hence doaab means land lying between two rivers). Back to mughal times these doabas were named on the basis of rivers making its boundaries. Like now a days the region called diaba was orignally BIST( ਬਿਸਤ) doaab which is made from the name of Beas and Satluj river which makes its boundaries. In those times there are no bridges so people gernally do not cross river
Baljeet Singh
Answered December 2, 2017
Majha, Doaba and Malwa division of a state is based on the availability of rivers.
Majha means center. In undivided Punjab the area between Ravi and Beas river is known as “Majha” Baically this has been a center of Punjabi culture from millenium. The punjabi used in this area is known as real Punjabi.
The area left side of Beas but right side of Satlej and other side side of Ravi but this side of Indus is known as Doaba.
The area outside of these rivers is known as Malwa.
Gurdaspur, Taran Taran, Amritsar, Firozpur is in Majha, Hoshiarpur, Jallundhar is in Doaba and rest of the Eastern Punjab- Ropar, Patiala, Sangrur, Bathinda etc is in Malwa region of Punjab.
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